{"id":5358,"date":"2021-05-03T00:12:55","date_gmt":"2021-05-03T05:12:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/phamtinanninh.com\/?p=5358"},"modified":"2021-05-03T17:15:20","modified_gmt":"2021-05-03T22:15:20","slug":"viet-nam-cong-hoa-lung-lung-di-vao-long-dat-nuoc-tac-gia-tran-doan-nho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phamtinanninh.com\/?p=5358","title":{"rendered":"Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a l\u1eebng l\u1eefng \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc – T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Tr\u1ea7n Do\u00e3n Nho"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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Tr\u1ea7n Do\u00e3n Nho<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

30\/4\/1975, Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a (VNCH)[1]<\/a> t\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edfi ch\u1ebft!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t email t\u00ecnh c\u1edd l\u1ea1c v\u00e0o inbox<\/em> t\u00f4i:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cC\u00f2n nh\u1edb tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y 30\/4\/1975 d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi u \u00e1m nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ec7, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ee9ng ngay c\u1ed5ng xe l\u1eeda s\u1ed1 6 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Minh Gi\u1ea3ng \u2013 Ph\u00fa Nhu\u1eadn. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ednh C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00fat b\u1ecf qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o \u0111i b\u1ed9 t\u1eebng \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ea5t th\u1ec3u. S\u00fang \u1ed1ng, ba-l\u00f4, qu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c h\u1ecd v\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y l\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Xe t\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c binh \u0111o\u00e0n Motolova c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, ch\u1ea1y r\u1ea7m r\u1ea7m h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng Tham M\u01b0u. Chung quanh ai c\u0169ng h\u1ed1t ho\u1ea3ng lo t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, gi\u1edd n\u00e0y \u0111i di t\u1ea3n k\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 tr\u1ec5. L\u00e2u l\u00e2u l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9a kh\u1ed1n n\u1ea1n C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng 30\/4 \u0111eo b\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecf ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean xe Jeep c\u1ea7m s\u00fang ch\u0129a l\u00ean tr\u1eddi, ch\u00fang b\u1eafn t\u1eebng tr\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1n ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng ng\u00e0y Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng. (\u2026) Sau ng\u00e0y 30\/4 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u00e1ng 5 khi c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch B\u00e0i Tr\u1eeb V\u0103n H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ed3i Tr\u1ee5y M\u1ef9 Ng\u1ee5y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng S\u00e0i G\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 \u1edf m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec7m cho m\u01b0\u1edbn s\u00e1ch c\u0169. Ch\u1ee7 ti\u1ec7m l\u00f9a h\u1ebft b\u1ecdn \u0111eo b\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0o trong r\u1ed3i m\u1edf k\u00edp l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t cho d\u00ednh ch\u00f9m. Nghe \u0111\u00e2u ch\u1ebft v\u00e0i m\u1ed1ng C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng 30\/4, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 c\u0169ng ch\u1ebft. Ti\u1ec7m n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong ph\u01b0\u1eddng 10, qu\u1eadn Ph\u00fa Nhu\u1eadn (chung v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb \u2013 Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ef3nh \u0110\u1ee9c). C\u00f2n m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1976, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u00ean khu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea7y xe l\u1eeda h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i ra C\u1ed1ng B\u00e0 X\u1ebfp. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ee9a con. V\u00ec c\u0103m ph\u1eabn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tho\u00e1t. H\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd n\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t n\u1ed3i ch\u00e1o v\u1ecbt, b\u1ecf thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ebft chu\u1ed9t v\u00f4, c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 c\u00f9ng \u0103n chung b\u1eefa cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng r\u1ed3i n\u1eafm tay nhau ch\u1ebft h\u1ebft.<\/em>[2]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u1eef b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Thu H\u01b0\u01a1ng: \u201cL\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t khi \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng v\u00e0o S\u00e0i G\u00f2n n\u0103m 1975, trong khi t\u1ea5t c\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1edbn h\u1edf c\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f3c. V\u00ec t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y tu\u1ed5i xu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch u\u1ed5ng ph\u00ed. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p v\u00ec nh\u00e0 cao c\u1eeda r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam, m\u00e0 v\u00ec t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n trong m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 do; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea7y trong c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u s\u00e1ch, ngay tr\u00ean v\u1ec9a h\u00e8; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0 TV, radio, cassette. Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1<\/em>.\u201d[3]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chao \u00f4i, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m n\u0103m r\u1ed3i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1i ng\u00e0y tang th\u01b0\u01a1ng 30\/4\/1975!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta ng\u1eadm ng\u00f9i nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m bi th\u1ea3m \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec tr\u00ean di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng n\u0103m 1958 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 VNCH trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa qua hai C\u00f4ng H\u00e0m 257-HC n\u0103m 2016[4]<\/a> v\u00e0 A\/72\/692 n\u0103m 2018 do h\u1ecd g\u1eedi cho Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c.[5]<\/a> Xin d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t tr\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n li\u00ean h\u1ec7:\u201cT\u1eeb khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 1956, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n VNCH \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p. B\u1eb1ng S\u1eafc L\u1ec7nh S\u1ed1 143-NV \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1956, Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng Ho\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa t\u1eeb t\u1ec9nh B\u00e0 R\u1ecba v\u1ec1 t\u1ec9nh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Tuy. Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa 1954 v\u00e0 1975, Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi b\u1ecb chia th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n. Do v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 VNCH (Mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam). Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 VNCH h\u00e0nh x\u1eed vi\u1ec7c cai tr\u1ecb l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 hai Qu\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea3o trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. Th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng trong th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn Tranh L\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a hai qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c, Yemen\u2026(\u2026) V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1975, sau khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee9 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa (v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1974), Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 VNCH \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t B\u1ea1ch Th\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y<\/em>.\u201d[6]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong l\u00fac nguy c\u1ea5p, r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c, nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf c\u00e1i th\u00f3i ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o c\u1ed5 h\u1eefu, ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a VNCH nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i phao c\u1ee9u sinh.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0, VNCH \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ed5, c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 87 qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u U\u1ef7 Ban trong Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c, trong l\u00fac v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t \u00edt c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia trong kh\u1ed1i C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn VNCH, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n: ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Nguy\u1ec5n Cao K\u1ef3, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thi\u1ec7u\u2026 V\u00e0 khi ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t VNCH \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c: tham nh\u0169ng th\u1ed1i n\u00e1t, thay ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7 xo\u00e0nh xo\u1ea1ch, l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c ngo\u1ea1i bang\u2026 v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, quy cho VNCH l\u00e0 ph\u1ed3n vinh gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y d\u1eaby c\u00e1c t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u00e2n v\u00e2n. Th\u1ef1c ra, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c, VNCH l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 c\u00e1i ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t VNCH kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd, nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb che gi\u1ea5u b\u1edfi thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn hay b\u1ecb xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1edbi ri\u00eang t\u00f4i (m\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i) sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong l\u00f2ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 VNCH, n\u01a1i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, n\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u00ec VNCH kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00e0 h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c, \u00eam \u0111\u1ec1m, sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa. VNCH tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, VNCH kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, L\u00ea Hi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1eb1ng, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb1m v\u00f9ng, trong \u201cSuy ngh\u0129 trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u1eb1m b\u1ecbnh\u2026\u201d, k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f3 qu\u00ean: ba t\u00f4i v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 L\u00fd Thi\u1ec7n Sanh n\u00f3ng l\u00f2ng v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00ec thi T\u00fa t\u00e0i II nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn b\u1ecb nh\u1ed1t trong t\u00f9. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u00f4ng b\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n h\u00fa h\u1ecda xin hai ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ra thi. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean-Hu\u1ebf l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft cho ra thi. T\u00f4i theo ban C Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y n\u1eefa l\u00e0 thi, ba t\u00f4i g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ch v\u00e0o cho t\u00f4i. May m\u1eafn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n To\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Thanh T\u00e2m Tuy\u1ec1n, Mai Th\u1ea3o, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Nguy\u00ean Sa, T\u00f4 Thu\u1ef3 Y\u00ean, v.v., k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Nietzsche c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Thi tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1975. G\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ec1 thi tri\u1ebft kh\u00e1 hay t\u00f4i t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1eadu h\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. C\u00f2n L\u00fd Thi\u1ec7n Sanh h\u1ecdc ban B v\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi n\u00ean \u0111\u1eadu h\u1ea1ng b\u00ecnh th\u1ee9. (\u2026) T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u01b0u vi\u1ec7t\u201d hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ra \u0111i thi nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/em>\u201d[7]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft L\u00ea Hi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1eb1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf tr\u00ean l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, theo t\u00f4i. L\u00ea Hi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t C, L\u00fd Thi\u1ec7n Sanh v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t B, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ed3i c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hay \u0111i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00e0 ph\u00e1o, b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn chuy\u1ec7n v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi nhau. C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ecdc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 (1964) \u0111\u1ec1u \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ee5 L\u00ea Hi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 L\u00fd Thi\u1ec7n Sanh b\u1ecb b\u1eaft giam v\u00ec b\u1ecb nghi l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cho mang s\u00e1ch v\u1edf v\u00e0o lao Th\u1eeba Ph\u1ee7 h\u1ecdc thi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111i thi nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eadu t\u00fa t\u00e0i II. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch sau g\u1ea7n n\u1eeda n\u0103m b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m t\u00f9, L\u00ea Hi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, c\u00f2n L\u00fd Thi\u1ec7n Sanh theo h\u1ecdc Y Khoa, t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1c s\u0129, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u1ecdc, Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh. Th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3n t\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o l\u00fac cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1eb1ng, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00ec anh n\u00eau ra m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u201c\u01b0u vi\u1ec7t\u201d c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n m\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng v\u00ec ch\u00fang m\u00e0 theo su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, h\u00f3a ra kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1i \u201cngh\u0129a c\u1eed\u201d \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean-Hu\u1ebf h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3. Ngh\u0129a c\u1eed n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb l\u00f2ng x\u00f3t th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, hay t\u1eeb l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1i c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u1ee7a VNCH. Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i chi ti\u1ebft nho nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1m \u1ea3nh \u0110\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c khi\u1ebfn anh ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n v\u00e0o l\u00fac cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00e2n chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1 l\u00fd th\u00fa \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong t\u1eadp h\u1ed3i k\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c t\u1ea3 khuynh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1975, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung: \u201cT\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a\u201d (In memoriam Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a); h\u1ed3i k\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3cvi\u1ebft t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1993 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n H\u1ecdc (Cali) n\u0103m 2000.[8]<\/a> Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea7n h\u1ed3i k\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n H\u1ecdc vi\u1ebft, \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i xem b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Trung l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 li\u00eam khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 can \u0111\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, v\u00ec cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c khuynh t\u1ea3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 can \u0111\u1ea3m \u201ct\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n\u201d m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00f2ng ph\u1eb3ng, r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e2u kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng khai b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng khuynh t\u1ea3, v\u00e0 khi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ecb h\u1ecd khinh mi\u1ec7t ti\u00eau vong, \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb, th\u00ec s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ti\u00eau vong theo. Hay n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung, \u201ctham gia c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t sau n\u00e0y.<\/em>\u201d (Th\u01b0 t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qua h\u1ed3i k\u00fd, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1c h\u1ecda l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ch\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a VNCH b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00e9t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qu\u00ean hay b\u1ecb che m\u1edd b\u1edfi thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn hay b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n quan l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch th\u00f9 ngh\u1ecbch. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a VNCH l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c. Theo \u00f4ng, \u201cKhi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p ra \u0111i, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o theo tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/em>\u201d[9]<\/a> Trong v\u00f2ng 20 n\u0103m (1955-1975), d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00e1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh, gu\u1ed3ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u1eabn ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, c\u00f2n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c cao c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng t\u00fa t\u00e0i hay t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. V\u00e0 d\u00f9 \u1edf c\u1ea5p n\u00e0o, gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c v\u1eabn gi\u1eef phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng: m\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng, t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a VNCH l\u00e0 \u201cx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1\u201d. \u201cNh\u1eefng \u201cch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n\u201d hay [nh\u1eefng] thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u201cch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d mi\u1ec1n Nam \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy nh\u1eefng sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 (soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile).\u201d(\u2026) \u201cN\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u201cx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng\u201d (le social public) v\u1edbi \u201cx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0\u201d(le social priv\u00e9) th\u00ec \u201cx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf, li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m (gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng, b\u00e8 b\u1ea1n, th\u1ea7y tr\u00f2\u2026)<\/em>. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 mi\u1ec1n Nam, do \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n l\u1edbn, nh\u1ecf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1eeb t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, cho \u0111\u1ebfn kinh doanh, v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n. L\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng ra th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ee5y trang cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n nay r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u201cx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung vi\u1ebft, \u201cM\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam: Trong c\u00e1i th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp gi\u1eefa hai tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1: tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd t\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 cao h\u01a1n (\u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd t\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n anh em, con ch\u00e1u, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 theo Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng tr\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n trong c\u01a1 quan, trong d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, bi\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n cho t\u00e1 t\u00fac trong nh\u00e0 v\u00ec coi t\u00ecnh ngh\u0129a ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 cao h\u01a1n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt\u2026\u201d<\/em>. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n hay h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng \u0111i theo C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n, con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd ch\u1eb3ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u00ec trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, thi c\u1eed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 khi l\u1edbn l\u00ean, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n th\u00ec v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng \u0111i du h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 sau l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t VNCH. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u201cD\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 khinh gh\u00e9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u00edt ai ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng M\u1ef9-ng\u1ee5y, v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn: Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u1ecb chia c\u1eaft, c\u00f3 hai th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb: Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng Ho\u00e0 v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng Ho\u00e0, v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh<\/em>,\u201d theo \u00f4ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u201cTrong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3a h\u1ea1 s\u0129 quan Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u1ed3i 1951-1952 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng V\u00f5 B\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0 l\u1ea1t, Nha Trang, Th\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a c\u0169ng d\u1ea7n d\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi s\u0129 quan c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00fa t\u00e0i hay \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 l\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u00ea c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u1ec5n chinh, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 n\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc, m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c gia (identit\u00e9 nationale).\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a VNCH l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. N\u00f3 tho\u00e1t thai t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n: VNCH l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 do. Theo Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung, trong kinh nghi\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c mi\u1ec1n Nam vi\u1ebft b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1i g\u00ec m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eadn t\u00e2m m\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 an ninh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 b\u1eadn t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 \u201cvi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec<\/em>\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cvi\u1ebft th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/em>\u201d, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u201cc\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/em>\u201d C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u1edd phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 li\u00ean h\u1ec7: b\u1ed9 V\u0103n H\u00f3a, b\u1ed9 Th\u00f4ng Tin v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i V\u1ee5. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng theo Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung, trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c, \u201cH\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d,th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 VNCH, \u201cB\u00e1o th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u00f2a. Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 do ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng khai, h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 in ron\u00e9o, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, b\u00e0y b\u00e1n ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ea1p b\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch thu\u2026 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kia c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u1ecdp nhau vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1ng th\u01b0 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 an ninh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n b\u00e8. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ebft ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em>.\u201d[10]<\/a> Trong b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh \u201cT\u00ednh \u201cv\u0103n h\u1ecdc\u201d trong V\u0103n H\u1ecdc Mi\u1ec1n Nam\u201d[11]<\/a> \u0111\u1ecdc trong bu\u1ed5i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 V\u0103n H\u1ecdc Mi\u1ec1n Nam t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 6\/12\/2014, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, t\u1ef1 do, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c, nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n\u2026c\u1ee7a V\u0103n H\u1ecdc Mi\u1ec1n Nam, nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn cho t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 mang m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 b\u00e0n c\u00e3i v\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t tr\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh sau ng\u00e0y 30\/4\/1975 trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u00f3 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNh\u01b0ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i hay nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c n\u00f3ng h\u1ed5i nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean \u00fd ni\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 do. Trong s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ch Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, do tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, in nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Hoa K\u1ef3, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 VNCH\u2026 T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao h\u1ecd suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi, gi\u1eefa S\u00e0i G\u00f2n th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh (v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh) tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u1eb1m \u1edf Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p 1967 mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam: \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb. (\u2026) Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ch\u00e0ng \u201cmi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u00f3 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn\u201d c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u201cmi\u1ec1n Nam<\/em>\u201d.[12]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy ch\u1ebf \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\u201d qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a VNCH, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tri th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng thua b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 d\u00f9 s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u00f2i d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n.[13]<\/a> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean t\u1ecf ra ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u201ct\u1ef1 do t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d khi ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh, m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp sau khi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. Th\u1ef1c ra, s\u1ef1 c\u1edfi m\u1edf c\u1ee7a VNCH v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1945 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc (tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1eb7ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Thi\u2026) t\u1eeb Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u, Huy C\u1eadn, Ch\u1ebf Lan Vi\u00ean, T\u00f4 Ho\u00e0i, Anh Th\u01a1 cho \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ebf L\u1eef, Nguy\u1ec5n Tu\u00e2n\u2026\u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1ea1y v\u0103n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1eeb ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn trung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. Nh\u1edd th\u1ebf m\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, phi-v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn ngay b\u1ea3n \u201cQu\u1ed1c ca\u201d VNCH (\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1eddi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n nay c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi t\u00ean t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n. Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean trang m\u1ea1ng \u201cTalawas\u201d m\u1ed9t Ph\u1ee5 L\u1ee5c \u201cThay l\u1eddi phi l\u1ed9\u201d l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Hoa Ti\u00ean khi cho t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m L\u1eeda thi\u00eang<\/em> c\u1ee7a Huy C\u1eadn n\u0103m 1967, Ti\u1ebfng thu<\/em> c\u1ee7a L\u01b0u Tr\u1ecdng L\u01b0 n\u0103m 1968, Qu\u00ea ngo\u1ea1i<\/em> c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Dz\u1ebfnh n\u0103m 1969\u2026 L\u1eddi phi l\u1ed9 cho th\u1ea5y nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ra kh\u1ecfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3.[14]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau 1975, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt VNCH qua m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch r\u1ea5t b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1t s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o v\u00e0 b\u1eaft b\u1ecf t\u00f9 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e3 tr\u00e0ng. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 c\u00e1i h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh: t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng. R\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, dai d\u1eb3ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u1ea3 \u1edf trong Nam l\u1eabn ngo\u00e0i B\u1eafc. C\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 sau, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p cho \u0111\u1ebfn ngay c\u1ea3 t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n. Trong b\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1 k\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u00edt thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn, \u201cChi\u1ebfn tranh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam 1954 \u2013 1975\u201d, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1eadp san \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u0103n h\u1ecdc\u201d, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 quan nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u0103n h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTh\u1eadt v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n trung th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 h\u01a1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf chung quanh m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, cho th\u1ea5y m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u0103n h\u00f3a mi\u1ec1n Nam kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, th\u00f4ng qua ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam, nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1i n\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ranh gi\u1edbi tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 giao thoa, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a l\u1eabn nhau. S\u00e1ch b\u00e1o th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea3 k\u00edch quan ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch thu. S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o khuynh t\u1ea3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c. Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o hay m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp nhau v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/em><\/strong>\u201d[15]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hu\u1ef3nh Nh\u01b0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1 l\u1ea1, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u1eafng cu\u1ed9c nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 k\u1ebb thua cu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tr\u00edch d\u1eabn ngu\u1ed3n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y b\u00fat VNCH n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam. C\u00f2n l\u1ea1 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, \u201cNh\u00e2n D\u00e2n\u201d, t\u1edd b\u00e1o ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, cho \u0111i m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a H\u1ea1nh Nguy\u00ean, \u1ee8ng x\u1eed v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/em>1975, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cT\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 b\u1ecb ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n gay g\u1eaft, b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, c\u1ea5m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nghi\u00eam t\u00fac. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh) mi\u1ec1n nam xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i, nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m (s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc s\u1eed) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc ghi nh\u1eadn. B\u00e1o V\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i VHNT Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eebng m\u1edf chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975; nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh \u1edf trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u1ecdc S\u00e0i G\u00f2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975; kh\u00f4ng \u00edt lu\u1eadn \u00e1n, lu\u1eadn v\u0103n cao h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 s\u1edf, c\u1ea5p B\u1ed9, c\u1ea5p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt mi\u1ec1n nam 1954-1975 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, c\u00f4ng ty v\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t quen thu\u1ed9c\u201d\u2026 N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n nam di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf c\u1ea3 khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, l\u1eabn gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn, thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn, t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, tinh th\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1edfi m\u1edf, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Du T\u1eed L\u00ea, Tr\u1ea7n Th\u1ecb NgH, \u0110inh H\u00f9ng, Nguy\u00ean Sa, B\u00f9i Gi\u00e1ng, Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n\u2026; nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung, Tr\u1ea7n Th\u00e1i \u0110\u1ec9nh, L\u00ea T\u00f4n Nghi\u00eam, Thanh L\u00e3ng, Toan \u00c1nh\u2026 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 L\u00ea Tuy\u00ean, Thanh T\u00e2m Tuy\u1ec1n\u2026 v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn \u2013 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb mi\u1ec1n nam 1954 \u2013 1975. Theo GS Hu\u1ef3nh Nh\u01b0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: \u201cT\u1eeb 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, kho\u1ea3ng 160 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb mi\u1ec1n nam c\u00f3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Tuy nhi\u00ean do nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n nay, x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p, tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em><\/strong>.\u201d[16]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 \u201cng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, ch\u1ed1ng, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ed3i tr\u1ee5y, lai c\u0103ng; x\u00f3a b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, khi\u00eau d\u00e2m; tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc nh\u1eefng ai c\u1ed1 \u00fd vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc\u2026<\/em>\u201d \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em>\u201d, \u201ckh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em>\u201d qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i 180 \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3? C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh theo t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n V\u0103n H\u1ecdc Mi\u1ec1n Nam. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Ho\u00e0ng H\u01b0ng, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a trang m\u1ea1ng V\u0103n Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng cho kh\u00f4ng \u00edt t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u201cch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng\u201d mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. Tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 do, nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u201ct\u1ea9y r\u1eeda\u201d th\u00f3i quen \u201ct\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u201d, gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u201chi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a\u201d\u2026 v\u1ed1n ng\u1ea5m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u1ea7m b\u00fat \u201cch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9\u201d. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi h\u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1970 nh\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ed9, Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ecdc\u2026 v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y b\u00fat th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb sau khi c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201c\u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi\u201dcu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y b\u00fat tr\u1ebb hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang \u0111i theo tinh th\u1ea7n \u1ea5y<\/em><\/strong>.[17]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong l\u00fac c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc VNCH v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, th\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a VNCH, ca nh\u1ea1c, hay n\u00f3i theo c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u201cth\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb\u201d sinh ho\u1ea1t ca nh\u1ea1c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ca nh\u1ea1c mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, ngay sau ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng T\u01b0. \u201cSau khi Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n mi\u1ec1n Nam, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nh\u1ea1c mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 ra B\u1eafc,\u201d <\/em>theo Jason Gibbs trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng phu v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0y, Nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng \u201ch\u00f3a v\u00e0ng\u201d.<\/em>[18]<\/a> Gibbs vi\u1ebft:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSau n\u0103m 1975, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ra \u0111i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tan r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0, nh\u1eefng quan to\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 x\u1eed m\u1edbi. H\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u t\u1edd, \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 b\u0103ng \u2013 g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua b\u00e1n trao \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. (\u2026) T\u1eebng b\u1ecb ti\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 v\u0103n ho\u00e1, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1edbm m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nghe m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u0169 n\u1eefa, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb n\u00f3, h\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ea3y v\u1edbi n\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u0169 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft khi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa hay h\u00e1t h\u00f2 g\u00ec n\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngo\u00e0i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0m h\u1ed3i t\u1ec9nh nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 nu\u1ed1t ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u1edbi, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc khi h\u1ecd mang theo lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0y khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 hay l\u00e0ng qu\u00ea h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc th\u00e0nh ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 ng\u0103n d\u1eebng ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1eafc nghe nh\u1ea1c \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cmi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch\u201d ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.\u201d<\/em><\/strong> (\u2026) \u201cL\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 1993 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t kinh ng\u1ea1c l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1ea1c m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t v\u1eabn nghe, d\u0129 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t thanh, v\u00e0 trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. Tuy l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu, nh\u1eefng b\u0103ng cassette v\u00e0 video v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 do, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u1edf trong g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i mang t\u1ed9i danh ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/em>\u201d R\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c,nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng, <\/em>thay v\u00ec hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng v\u1ecdt, \u1ee7y m\u1ecb th\u00ec l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea1c v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u00edch c\u1ef1c: v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1975 \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, c\u0169ng theo Gibbs.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u201cth\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb\u201d c\u1ee7a ca nh\u1ea1c VNCH trong sinh ho\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Ho\u00e0ng H\u01b0ng, cho bi\u1ebft, \u201cNhu c\u1ea7u ca h\u00e1t, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m b\u1ecb \u201cnh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ecf\u201d \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f9ng l\u00ean v\u1edbi \u201cnh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng\u201d kh\u1eafp ph\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f5 x\u00f3m (\u2026) \u0110\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, nh\u1ea1c \u201cbolero\u201d m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao l\u1eafm b\u1edfi gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, nay \u0111ang \u201ctr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5\u201d, chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng gian \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng l\u1eabn t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t!<\/em>\u201d T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh \u0111\u00f3? Theo nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng H\u01b0ng, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch h\u00e1t. \u201cC\u00e1c ca s\u0129 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc nh\u00ecn chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng sau khi nghe ca s\u0129 mi\u1ec1n Nam, s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe b\u1ed7ng nh\u1eadn ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00fa l\u1eafm \u1edf l\u1ed1i h\u00e1t mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. Th\u00ec ra k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thanh nh\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i h\u1ed3n g\u1eedi v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfng h\u00e1t, v\u00e0 \u201cbel canto\u201d c\u1ee7a \u201copera\u201d kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i s\u1ef1 tr\u00f2n v\u00e0nh r\u00f5 ch\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t!<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111i s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, ta s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng chuy\u1ec7n nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng-nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ca nh\u1ea1c, m\u00e0 h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u201c\u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u201d dai d\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t. C\u1ee9 theo d\u00f5i chuy\u1ec7n tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u201ccho cho c\u1ea5m c\u1ea5m\u201d r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i \u201cc\u1ea5m c\u1ea5m cho cho\u201d m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c mi\u1ec1n Nam nh\u01b0 \u201cCon \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u01b0a em \u0111i\u201d, \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a em sang s\u00f4ng, hay \u201cLy r\u01b0\u1ee3u m\u1eebng\u201d ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u201cch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1eebng\u201d, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn khi cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f2ng nh\u1ea1c mi\u1ec1n Nam ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201ccho ph\u00e9p\u201d. D\u00f9 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, d\u00f9 b\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 xa x\u00f4i hay \u00eam \u0111\u1ec1m g\u1ea7n g\u0169i, nh\u1ea1c mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u00f3i chung ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eabm t\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a. N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ed7 Trung Qu\u00e2n, s\u1ef1 th\u1eafng th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u201cph\u1ee5c th\u00f9 ng\u1ecdt ng\u00e0o\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u00ean thua cu\u1ed9c. \u201cKh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a n\u00f3, th\u1ee9 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ch\u00f4n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft. Mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3 ch\u1ebft, d\u1ec5 th\u00f4i! C\u00e1c anh h\u00e3y l\u00e0m nh\u1ea1c hay h\u01a1n n\u00f3, c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng h\u01a1n n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u0129nh c\u1eedu nh\u01b0 n\u00f3\u2026 D\u00e8m pha, mai m\u1ec9a, x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m n\u00f3 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a! N\u00f3 c\u00e0ng b\u1ea5t t\u1eed! Ch\u1ec9 v\u1eady th\u00f4i!\u201d<\/em> [20]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c th\u00f9 ng\u1ecdt ng\u00e0o! Trong \u201cTr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng\u201d, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Kiva \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, kh\u00f4ng \u1ee1m \u1ee1m \u1edd \u1edd g\u00ec c\u1ea3 khi cho r\u1eb1ng:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cS\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng cho th\u1ea5y \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c VNCH l\u00fac x\u01b0a ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 thua. Sau 40 n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u cam go, b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ec1m, nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf c\u1edd, gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u00f4n h\u00f2a, l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n, th\u00fa v\u1ecb m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng do nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bom \u0111\u1ea1n, s\u1eaft m\u00e1u, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi ca ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea1c du d\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00eam \u0111\u1ec1m, th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1ea1c x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u, ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n mu\u1ed1n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, th\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3m t\u00ecnh qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/em>.\u201d[21]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u1edd b\u00e1o m\u1ea1ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n nay (vnexpress.net), ta c\u0169ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ca ng\u1ee3i \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ea5m \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0y:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNh\u1eefng th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn l\u1ea1c lo\u00e0i v\u00ec chi\u1ebfn tranh, k\u00eau \u0111\u00f2i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb mi\u1ec1n Nam h\u00e1t v\u00ec y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ebfn nay c\u0169ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch oan u\u1ed5ng; nh\u01b0 ca kh\u00fac Da v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ecbnh C\u00f4ng S\u01a1n, d\u00f9 nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 sau ng\u00e0y Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn khi m\u1ea5t v\u1eabn c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cho \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. N\u1ebfu nghe th\u1eadt k\u1ef9 ca t\u1eeb \u201cM\u1ed9t mai gi\u00e3 t\u1eeb v\u0169 kh\u00ed\u201d c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ecbnh L\u00e2m Ng\u00e2n, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y kh\u1eafc kho\u1ea3i m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau nhau, v\u1eady m\u00e0 n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n n\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3ng danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ca kh\u00fac b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n. (\u2026) Quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1i c\u00e3i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau m\u1ebfn. D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang \u0111ang v\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang \u1edf hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ca kh\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau m\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c quy lu\u1eadt x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00f4 \u00edch trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n th\u00eam c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed kh\u00e1c cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/em>.\u201d[22]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1ea1c mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ea1c m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c ca nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed VNCH. D\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng n\u0103m x\u01b0a \u00eam \u0111\u1ec1m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00f2n d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc th\u00ec l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chia x\u1ebb c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a chan t\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00ec s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn c\u1ee7a VNCH. Nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ca nh\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u201cbi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1\u201d x\u01b0a nay hi\u1ebfm, \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ho\u00e0i ni\u1ec7m r\u01b0ng r\u01b0ng, xa x\u00f3t![23]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 mang VNCH l\u1eebng l\u1eefng \u0111i v\u00e0o, \u0111i s\u00e2u trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng thay ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7. \u0110\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn lao m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ngo\u1ea1n m\u1ee5c d\u00f2ng sinh m\u1ec7nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1ch quan kh\u00e1c.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 facebook. Qua m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, \u0111a chi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng an. C\u0169ng qua m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, h\u1ecd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u1ee9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ecb k\u1ec1m k\u1eb9p b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i: x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 cao. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c trang m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t VNCH ng\u00e0y c\u0169, t\u1eeb \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt cho \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, kinh t\u1ebf\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, do s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u00eau b\u00e0i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng (\u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, giai c\u1ea5p, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a\u2026) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ph\u00e1t sinh do m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, \u201cN\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0i phi\u1ec7t (plutocracy)<\/em>,\u201d theo \u0110oan Trang v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Long. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, hai t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cT\u1ed5ng b\u00ed th\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fa Tr\u1ecdng, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c trong \u0111\u1ea3ng ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t b\u00e1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00ecnh, th\u00f4ng qua chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng v\u00f4 ti\u1ec1n kho\u00e1ng h\u1eadu trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea3ng. Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1eb3n c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 quan ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta coi l\u00e0m quan, l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1eeba m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 v\u1eeba an to\u00e0n, \u201c\u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eb9n l\u1ea1i l\u00ean\u201d. Nay, \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng <\/em>\u0110inh La Th\u0103ng<\/em><\/a>, <\/em>Nguy\u1ec5n B\u1eafc Son, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Minh Tu\u1ea5n<\/em><\/a>, v.v. (\u2026) Hai c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a <\/em>Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 Thanh<\/em><\/a> v\u00e0 <\/em>Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Quang<\/em><\/a>, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 m\u1ea5t t\u00edch k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a <\/em>\u0110inh Th\u1ebf Huynh<\/em><\/a>, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ee7 b\u00f3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ma qu\u00e1i, t\u1ea1o ra \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thanh tr\u1eebng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a. Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, suy cho c\u00f9ng, v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thanh tr\u1eebng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng l\u00fd n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/em>.\u201d[24]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 VNCH \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1eddi gian 20 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u00ecn chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1m M\u1ef9 Theodore Roosevelt gh\u00e9 th\u0103m \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3\/2020 v\u1eeba qua, nh\u00ecn c\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u0111ang loay hoay \u0111\u00f2i bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ea3o, loay hoay tr\u01b0\u1eddn ra kh\u1ecfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1eeba kh\u00f4i h\u00e0i l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba chua ch\u00e1t: Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, ph\u1ec9nh g\u1ea1t v\u00e0 hy sinh bao nhi\u00eau th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u0169ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u00e0 VNCH \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i: th\u00e2n M\u1ef9, ch\u1ed1ng T\u00e0u, bi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi tam quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp, \u0111a nguy\u00ean trong sinh ho\u1ea1t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u1ef1 do trong kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1edfi m\u1edf trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc\u2026 B\u1ecb giam gi\u1eef trong nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7, b\u1ecb nh\u1ed1t k\u00edn trong n\u1ed7i \u0111am m\u00ea th\u00e0nh t\u00edch qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u201cdead-end\u201d, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m n\u0103m b\u00e1t nh\u00e1o, \u1ee1m \u1edd! B\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m n\u0103m loay hoay. B\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m n\u0103m sinh s\u00e1t. R\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u1eeda n\u1ea1c n\u1eeda m\u1ee1, ti\u1ebfn th\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nan. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, c\u00e1i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i u \u00e1c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. N\u00f3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh n\u00f3, t\u1ef1 b\u00e0o m\u00f2n ch\u00ednh n\u00f3, t\u1ef1 c\u1eaft x\u00e9 ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. Th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, m\u00e0 m\u01b0ng m\u1ee7 t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong. Bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 \u0110\u1ed3ng T\u00e2m ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ung nh\u1ecdt t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t trong l\u00f2ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng hy sinh x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i n\u00f3, r\u1ea1ch r\u00f2i, d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 VNCH c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean. V\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng t\u0103m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, V\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e0n, \u0111\u00e3 can \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 T\u00f4 Th\u00f9y Y\u00ean v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi VNCH nh\u01b0 sau:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cQua nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i t\u00f9 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp sau 75, t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chi ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i t\u00f9 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb giam trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1edbn \u0111au m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hy v\u1ecdng, t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng qua ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 s\u00fac v\u1eadt b\u1ecb l\u00e0m nh\u1ee5c. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong T\u00f4 Th\u00f9y Y\u00ean sau khi ra t\u00f9 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 qua b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u201cTa v\u1ec1\u201d ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf m\u1ecdi \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t \u1edf m\u1ed9t hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Sau khi b\u1ecb t\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng khao kh\u00e1t y\u00eau \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i khi ra s\u1ed1ng \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta. M\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m 1955-1975<\/em>\u201d (T\u00f4i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, can \u0111\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf b\u00ean phe th\u1eafng cu\u1ed9c. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh, t\u1ef1 do, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tranh \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 <\/em>v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng VNCH. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb VNCH, do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec cao xa, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0o, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 lao Th\u1eeba Ph\u1ee7 ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p hai t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n h\u1ecdc sinh L\u00ea Hi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 L\u00fd Thi\u1ec7n Sanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i thi T\u00fa T\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t bolero VNCH, d\u00e2n d\u00e3, th\u1eafm t\u00ecnh. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n kinh qua nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ed1 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch long tr\u1eddi l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh hao ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 anh h\u00f9ng, nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u1eefng thi \u0111ua, nh\u1eefng s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u0103ng t\u1ea9m, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba: R\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 g\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb VNCH. Ch\u1ea3 th\u1ebf m\u00e0, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Trung nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u201cC\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi\u201d th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u201c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ch\u1eb3ng qua l\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn<\/em>\u201d.[25]<\/a> Hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, VNCH kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. L\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 do.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 VNCH, nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng sao!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0111i ri\u00eang b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

TDN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(4\/2020)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

_______________________<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/u><\/strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– FB V\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e0n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\nhttps:\/\/www.facebook.com\/permalink.php?story_fbid=2333771996898058&id=100007958417043\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

– Jason Gibbs, Nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0ng (Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u00fd d\u1ecbch)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\nhttp:\/\/www.talawas.org\/talaDB\/showFile.php?res=4775&rb=0206\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

– FB Nguy\u1ec5n L\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ea3i Kh\u00f4i: \u0110H V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng: sau 1975 \u0110H V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/blockquote>